of the female sex

* * *

saecŭlum ( poet., esp. Lucretian, saeclum; less correctly sēcŭlum, sēclum), i, n. dim. [etym. dub.; perh. root si- = sa-; Gr. saô, to sift; Lat. sero, satus; whence Saturnus, etc.; hence, orig.], a race, breed, generation (freq. in Lucr.; very rare in later writers; usu. in plur.):

saecla propagare,

Lucr. 1, 21; cf. id. 2, 173; 5, 850:

nec toties possent generatim saecla referre Naturam parentum,

id. 1, 597:

saecla animantum,

i. e. animals, id. 2, 78; 5, 855:

hominum,

id. 1, 467; 5, 339; 6, 722:

ferarum,

id. 2, 995; 3, 753; 4, 413; 4, 686; cf.:

silvestria ferarum,

id. 5, 967:

serpentia ferarum,

id. 6, 766:

mortalia,

id. 5, 805; 5, 982; 5, 1238:

bucera (with lanigerae pecudes),

id. 5, 866; 6, 1245; cf.:

vetusta cornicum (with corvorum greges),

id. 5, 1084:

aurea pavonum,

id. 2, 503:

totisque expectent saecula ripis,

i. e. the shades of the infernal regions, Stat. Th. 11, 592.— Sing.:

et muliebre oritur patrio de semine saeclum,

the female sex, women, Lucr. 4, 1223; so,

muliebre,

id. 5, 1020; 2, 10 sq.—

Transf.

Like genea.

The ordinary lifetime of the human species, a lifetime, generation, age (of thirty-three years; class.; esp. freq. in signif. 2. infra; cf. Schoem. ad Cic. N. D. 1, 9, 21):

cum ad idem, unde semel profecta sunt, cuncta astra redierint... tum ille vere vertens annus appellari potest: in quo vix dicere audeo, quam multa saecula hominum teneantur,

Cic. Rep. 6, 22, 24 Mos.:

cum ex hac parte saecula plura numerentur,

Liv. 9, 18:

quorum (Socratis atque Epicuri) aetates non annis sed saeculis scimus esse disjunctas,

Hier. Vit. Cler. 4, p. 262; cf. Censor. de Die Nat. 17; Auct. ap. Serv. Verg. A. 8, 508; id. E. 4, 5.—

Esp., the lifetime or reign of a ruler:

illustrari saeculum suum ejusmodi exemplo arbitrabatur,

Plin. Ep. 4, 11, 6:

digna saeculo tuo,

id. ib. 10, 1, 2.—

The human race living in a particular age, a generation, an age, the times: serit arbores quae alteri saeculo prosient, Caecil. ap. Cic. Sen. 7, 24:

in id saeculum Romuli cecidit aetas, cum jam plena Graecia poëtarum esset,

Cic. Rep. 2, 10, 18 (for which:

quorum aetas cum in eorum tempora incidisset,

id. Or. 12, 39):

saeculorum reliquorum judicium,

id. Div. 1, 19, 36:

ipse fortasse in hujus saeculi errore versor,

id. Par. 6, 3, 50; cf.:

hujus saeculi insolentia,

id. Phil. 9, 6, 23; and: o [p. 1614] nostri infamia saecli, Ov. M. 8, 97; cf.

also: novi ego hoc saeculum, moribus quibus siet,

Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 6; so,

hujus saecli mores,

id. Truc. prol. 13; and:

hoccine saeclum! o scelera! o genera sacrilega, o hominem impurum!

Ter. Ad. 3, 2, 6; cf. id. Eun. 2, 2, 15:

nec mutam repertam esse dicunt mulierem ullo in saeculo,

Plaut. Aul. 2, 1, 7:

Cato rudi saeculo litteras Graecas didicit,

Quint. 12, 11, 23; so,

rude,

id. 2, 5, 23:

grave ne rediret Saeculum Pyrrhae,

Hor. C. 1, 2, 6:

primo statim beatissimi saeculi ortu,

Tac. Agr. 3; so,

beatissimum,

id. ib. 44:

felix et aureum,

id. Or. 12; Quint. 8, 6, 24:

aureum,

Sen. Contr. 2, 17; Lact. 5, 6, 13; cf.:

aurea saecula,

Verg. A. 6, 792; Ov. A. A. 2, 277:

his jungendi sunt Diocletianus aurei parens saeculi, et Maximianus, ut vulgo dicitur, ferrei,

Lampr. Elag. 35:

ceteri, qui dii ex hominibus facti esse dicuntur, minus eruditis hominum saeculis fuerunt (with Romuli aetas),

Cic. Rep. 2, 10, 18; cf.:

res publica constituta non unā hominum vitā sed aliquot saeculis et aetatibus,

id. ib. 2, 1, 2:

perpetuā saeculorum admiratione celebrantur,

Quint. 11, 1, 13:

fecunda culpae saecula,

Hor. C. 3, 6, 17:

ferro duravit saecula,

id. Epod. 16, 65; cf.:

sic ad ferrum venistis ab auro, Saecula,

Ov. M. 15, 261.—

The spirit of the age or times: nemo illic vitia ridet;

nec corrumpere et corrumpi saeculum vocatur,

Tac. G. 19.—

The utmost lifetime of man, a period of a hundred years, a century:

saeclum spatium annorum centum vocārunt,

Varr. L. L. 6, 2, § 11 Müll.; cf. Fest. s. v. saeculares, p. 328 ib.; Censor. de Die Nat. 17:

cum (Numa) illam sapientiam constituendae civitatis duobus prope saeculis ante cognovit, quam eam Graeci natam esse senserunt,

Cic. de Or. 2, 37, 154:

saeculo festas referente luces,

Hor. C. 4, 6, 42; cf.:

multa virum durando saecula vincit,

Verg. G. 2, 295.—

For an indefinitely long period, an age; plur. (so mostly):

(Saturni stella) nihil immutat sempiternis saeculorum aetatibus, quin eadem iisdem temporibus efficiat,

Cic. N. D. 2, 20, 52:

aliquot saeculis post,

id. Verr. 2, 4, 35, § 73:

cum aliquot saecula in Italiā viguisset,

id. Univ. 1; so,

tot,

id. Verr. 2, 4, 55, § 122; id. Ac. 2, 5, 15:

quot,

Quint. 12, 11, 22:

multa,

Cic. Rep. 2, 10, 20; 6, 26, 29; id. de Or. 2, 5, 21; id. Cat. 2, 5, 11; id. Fam. 11, 14, 3:

plurima,

id. Rep. 3, 9, 14:

sexcenta,

id. Fat. 12, 27:

omnia,

id. Lael. 4, 15; id. Phil. 2, 22, 54:

ex omni saeculorum memoriā,

id. ib. 4, 1, 3:

vir saeculorum memoriā dignus,

Quint. 10, 1, 104; cf.:

ingeniorum monumenta, quae saeculis probarentur,

id. 3, 7, 18:

facto in saecula ituro,

to future ages, to posterity, Sil. 12, 312; so Plin. Pan. 55, 1:

in famam et saecula mitti,

Luc. 10, 533: tarda gelu saeclisque effeta senectus, with (many) years, Verg. A. 8, 508.— Sing.:

propemodum saeculi res in unum diem cumulavit,

Curt. 4, 16, 10:

longo putidam (anum) saeculo,

Hor. Epod. 8, 1:

ut videri possit saeculo prior,

Quint. 10, 1, 113.—Esp. (eccl. Lat.), the following phrases are used to express forever, to all eternity, endlessly, without end:

in saeculum,

Vulg. Exod. 21, 6; id. Dan. 3, 89:

in saeculum saeculi,

id. Psa. 36, 27; id. 2 Cor. 9, 9:

in saecula,

id. Ps. 77, 69; id. Rom. 1, 25:

in saecula saeculorum,

Tert. ad Uxor. 1, 1; Ambros. Hexaëm. 3, 17, 72; Vulg. Tob. 9, 11; id. Rom. 16, 27; id. Apoc. 1, 6 et saep.—

Like the biblical, aiôn, the world, worldliness (eccl. Lat.):

immaculatus ab hoc saeculo,

Vulg. Jacob. 1, 27: et servientem corpori Absolve vinclis saeculi, Prud. steph. 2, 583; so id. Cath. 5, 109; Paul. Nol. Ep. 23, 33 fin. —

Heathenism (eccl. Lat.):

saeculi exempla,

Tert. Exhort. ad Cast. 13 (al. saecularia).

sors, tis (nom. sortis, Plaut. Cas. 2, 6, 28; abl. sorti. C. I. L. 198, 54; 200, 16; Plaut. Cas. 2, 7, 5; Liv. 4, 37, 6; 28, 45, 11; 29, 20, 4; cf. Neue, Formenl. 1, 241; but sorti is dat., Verg. G. 4, 165 Forbig. ad loc.; Sil. 7, 3, 65), f. [2. sero; cf.: fors, fero], any thing used to determine chances.

Lit., a lot:

aut populna sors aut abiegna,

Plaut. Cas. 2, 6, 32:

coniciam sortes in sitellam,

id. ib. 2, 5, 34 sq.:

tot in hydriam sortes conicerentur,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 51, § 127:

ponere in sitellam,

Liv. 41, 18, 8;

and simply conicere,

Plaut. Cas. 2, 6, 34 sq.; Cic. Lig. 7, 21:

deicere,

Caes. B. C. 1, 6 fin.; Verg. A. 5, 490; cf.:

cum dejecta in id sors esset,

lots were cast for it, Liv. 21, 42:

miscere,

Cic. Div. 2, 41, 86:

ducere,

id. ib. 2, 41, 86; id. Verr. 2, 4, 64, § 143:

cum de consularibus mea prima sors exisset,

id. Att. 1, 19, 3:

ut cujusque sors exciderat,

Liv. 21, 42, 3:

sortem in sitellam latam,

id. 41, 18, 8 Weissenb.:

et Caere sortes extenuatas (creditum est), as an omen of ill,

id. 21, 62, 5 and 8:

sortes suā sponte adtenuatas,

id. 22, 1, 11.—Of chances or tickets in a lottery, Suet. Aug. 75 fin.; Lampr. Heliog. 21 fin. —

Transf.

Abstr., a casting or drawing of lots, decision by lot, lot:

quaestor quem sors dedit,

Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 3, § 11:

res revocatur ad sortem,

id. Verr. 2, 2, 51, § 127:

sorti sum victus,

Plaut. Cas. 2, 7, 5:

ei sorte provincia Sicilia obvenit,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 6, § 17; cf.:

cui Sicilia provincia sorte evenisset,

Liv. 29, 20;

for which: cui ea provincia sorti evenit,

id. 4, 37, 6:

Q. Caecilio sorte evenit, ut in Bruttiis adversum Hannibalem bellum gereret,

id. 28, 45, 11:

sorte ductus,

Cic. Rep. 1, 34, 51; Sall. Fragm. ap. Serv. Verg. A. 2, 201:

sorte ducti e primoribus civitatis unus et viginti,

Tac. A. 1, 54; 13, 29: sorte in provinciam proficisci, S. C. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 8, 8:

sorte agros legionibus assignare, Brut. ib., 11, 20, 3 et saep.: de se ter sortibus consultum dicebat,

Caes. B. G. 1, 53 fin.:

jubet extra sortem Theomnastum renuntiari,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 51, § 127:

extra sortem agrum Campanum dividere,

Suet. Caes. 20. —

A lot, share, the duty assigned by lot, esp. of the prætors, who divided by lot the duties of their office:

praetores, Q. Fulvius Flaccus urbanam, M. Valerius Laevinus peregrinam sortem in juris dictione habuit,

Liv. 23, 30, 18; 22, 35, 5; cf.:

urbana, peregrina (sc. sors),

id. 27, 36, 10; 28, 10, 9 al.:

urbana et peregrina (provinciae), quae duorum ante sors fuerat,

id. 25, 3, 2; 24, 44, 2; [p. 1733] cf. id. 35, 41, 6:

comitia suae sortis esse,

i.e. had by lot been assigned to him, id. 35, 6, 2;

hence, numquam ex urbe afuit nisi sorte,

i.e. on official duty, Cic. Planc. 27, 67.—

In gen., an oracular response (which was often written on a little tablet or lot), a prophecy (cf. responsum):

cum (Spartiatae) oraculum ab Jove Dodonaeo petivissent legatique illud, in quo inerant sortes, collocavissent: simia et sortis ipsas et cetera quae erant ad sortem parata, disturbavit,

Cic. Div. 1, 34, 76:

ut interpres egeat interprete et sors ipsa ad sortis referenda sit,

id. ib. 2, 56, 115:

Italiam Lyciae jussere capessere sortes,

i.e. the oracles of the Lycian Apollo, Verg. A. 4, 346; 4, 377; so,

Phoebeae,

Ov. M. 3, 130:

faticinae,

id. ib. 15, 436:

sacrae,

id. ib. 1, 368;

11, 412: edita oraculo,

Curt. 3, 1, 16; 5, 4, 11; 6, 9, 18; Val. Max. 1, 6, 3:

neque responsa sortium ulli alii committere ausus,

Liv. 1, 56: conjecturam postulat, ut se edoceret, Quo sese vertant tantae sortes somniūm, Enn. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 21, 42 (Trag. v. 64 Vahl.).—

In partic., oracular sayings, verses, or sentences at the opening of a book, selected for the purpose:

sortes Vergilii or Vergilianae,

Lampr. Alex. Sev. 14, 5; Spart. Had. 2, 8:

sacrae,

Tib. 1, 3, 11:

sanctorum,

Isid. Orig. 8, 9, 28:

sortes tollere,

Tib. 1. 1.:

ducere,

Juv. 6, 583:

de paginis poëtae cujusdam sortem consulere,

Aug. Conf. 4, 3:

de paginis evangelicis sortes legere,

id. Ep. 119.—

In gen., like the Engl. lot, for fate, destiny, chance, fortune, condition, share, part (esp. freq. after the Aug. per.; cf.

fors, casus, fortuna): nescia mens hominum fati sortisque futurae,

Verg. A. 10, 501:

ferrea sors vitae,

Ov. Tr. 5, 3, 28:

vires ultra sortemque senectae,

Verg. A. 6, 114:

iniqua,

id. ib. 6, 332; Liv. 38, 23:

qui fit, ut nemo, quam sibi sortem Seu ratio dederit seu fors objecerit, illa Contentus vivat,

Hor. S. 1, 1, 1:

sperat infestis, metuit secundis Alteram sortem,

id. C. 2, 10, 14:

sors mea fuit irrequieta,

Ov. M. 2, 386:

sors querenda, Non celanda foret,

id. ib. 3, 551:

aliena,

Liv. 21, 43, 2:

sunt quibus ad portas cecidit custodia sorti,

to whose lot, Verg. G. 4, 165; Sil. 7, 368:

homines ultimae sortis,

Suet. Aug. 19; cf.: non tuae sortis juvenem, of your rank or condition, Hor. C. 4, 11, 22:

sors tua mortalis,

Ov. M. 2, 56:

nec cedit nisi sorte mihi,

id. ib. 5, 529:

dilectos inter sors prima sodales,

id. Tr. 4, 5, 1:

huic sortem concede priorem,

id. A. A. 1, 581:

quattuor ille quidem juvenes totidemque crearat Femineae sortis,

i. e. of the female sex, id. M. 6, 680; so,

feminea,

id. ib. 13, 651:

altera,

id. ib. 9, 676; cf. id. ib. 3, 329:

Saturni sors ego prima fui,

i. e. the first child, id. F. 6, 30:

suae sortis oblitus,

Curt. 3, 2, 11:

ultima,

id. 9, 2, 6:

nec pars nec sors in sermone isto,

Vulg. Act. 8, 21.—With gen.:

cujus mali sors incidit Remis,

Hirt. B. G. 8, 12, 3:

incommodi,

id. ib. 8, 1 fin.:

nobis quoniam prima animi ingenique negata sors est, secundam ac mediam teneamus,

Liv. 22, 29, 9:

puer post avi mortem in nullam sortem bonorum natus (opp. omnium heredi bonorum),

to no share of the property, id. 1, 34, 3:

praedae mala sors,

Ov. M. 13, 485:

utrius vitae sortem legant,

Just. 1, 6, 6:

servitutis,

id. 6, 5, 1.—

In partic., in mercant. lang. (prop. fortune, money; hence), capital bearing interest, principal:

et sors et fenus,

Plaut. Most. 3, 1, 122; 5, 2, 38; 3, 1, 34; 3, 1, 64; 3, 1, 70; 3, 1, 84; Ter. Ad. 2, 2, 35; Cic. Att. 6, 1, 3; Liv. 6, 14; 6, 15; Plin. praef. § 23; Mart. 5, 42, 3; Dig. 33, 2, 24; Inscr. Orell. 4405; cf. Varr. L. L. 6, § 65, and id. ib. 5, § 183 Müll.—

A rank, class, order (late Lat.):

ex turbā imae sortis,

Amm. 14, 6, 25.

fēmĭnĕus, a, um, adj. [id.], of or belonging to a woman, womanly, feminine (rare but class. and mostly poet.) = muliebris.

Prop.:

feminae vir feminea interemor manu,

Cic. Tusc. 2, 8, 20 (in version of Soph. Trachin.):

femineae vocis exilitas,

Quint. 1, 11, 1:

quatuor ille quidem juvenes totidemque crearat Femineae sortis,

i. e. of the female sex, Ov. M. 6, 680:

sors,

id. ib. 13, 651; cf.

sexus,

Plin. 36, 16, 25, § 129:

artus,

Ov. M. 10, 729:

catervae,

Val. Fl. 4, 603:

labor,

Tib. 2, 1, 63; Ov. Am. 1, 13, 23:

dolor,

id. M. 9, 151:

clamor,

id. ib. 12, 226; cf.

vox,

id. ib. 3, 536;

4, 29: plangores,

Verg. A. 2, 488:

Marte cadendum,

i. e. by the hand of a woman, Ov. M. 12, 610:

amor,

i. e. love for a woman, id. Am. 3, 2, 40:

cupido,

id. M. 9, 734:

venus,

id. ib. 10, 80:

poena,

i. e. executed on a woman, Verg. A. 2, 584: Calendae, i. e. the first of March (on which the Matronalia were celebrated), Juv. 9, 53:

ceroma,

for women's use, id. 6, 246.—

Transf., with an accessory notion of contempt, womanish, effeminate, unmanly: vox, Quint, 1, 11, 1; cf. Ov. A. A. 3, 286:

pectus,

Ov. M. 13, 693:

amor praedae,

Verg. A. 11, 782:

lunae femineum et molle sidus,

Plin. 2, 101, 104, § 223.

sexus, ūs ( abl. plur. sexibus, Spart. Hadr. 18, 10 al.;

but sexubus,

Jul. Val. Rer. G. Alex. 1, 36), m., or sĕcus, indecl. n. [root sec- of seco; hence properly, a division, segment].

A sex, male or female (of men and beasts).

Form sexus:

hominum genus et in sexu consideratur, virile an muliebre sit,

Cic. Inv. 1, 24, 35; cf.:

natus ambiguo inter marem ac feminam sexu infans,

Liv. 27, 11; and: mare et femineum sexus, App de Mundo, c. 20, p. 66 med.:

feminarum sexus,

Plin. 7, 52, 53, § 175: virilis sexus, Pac. ap. Fest. p. 334 Müll. (Trag. Rel. p. 70 Rib.); Plin. 10, 55, 76, § 154 orbus virili sexu, Afran. ap. Fest. l. l. (Com. Rel. p. 166 Rib.):

liberi sexūs virilis,

Suet. Aug. 101; Front. Strat. 1, 11, 6:

puberes virilis sexūs,

Liv. 26, 34:

tres (liberi) sexūs feminini,

Suet. Calig. 7; cf. Plin. 27, 2, 2, § 4; cf.:

juvenes utriusque sexūs,

Suet. Aug. 31:

liberi,

id. ib. 100; id. Vit. 6; id. Tib. 43:

sine ullo sexūs discrimine,

id. Calig. 8; Tac. A. 16, 10 fin. et saep.— Plur.: (sunezeugmenon) jungit et diversos sexus, ut cum marem feminamque filios dicimus, Quint. 9, 3, 63:

lavacra pro sexibus separavit,

Spart. Hadr. 18 fin. —

Form secus (in the poets and historians, in the latter usually virile or muliebre secus, as an acc. resp. or limiting accusative, equivalent to the genitive or ablative of quality; v. Zumpt, Lat. Gram. § 428, for the preceding virilis sexūs, the male sex):

filiolam ego unam habui, Virile secus numquam ullum habui,

Plaut. Rud. 1, 2, 19: virile secus, Asell. ap. Gell. 2, 13, 5:

quod ejus virile secus futurum est,

Varr. ib. 3, 10, 7:

secus muliebre,

Aus. Idyll. 11, 8:

puerile,

id. Epigr. 70, 6: virile ac muliebre secus populi multitudo, Sisenn. ap. Non. 222, 27: concurrentium undique virile et muliebre secus, Sall. H. Fragm. ib. 25; and in Macr. S. 2, 9 (p. 228 Gerl.):

ut Philippi statuae... item majorum ejus virile ac muliebre secus omnium tollerentur, Liv 31, 44, 4: multitudinem obsessorum omnis aetatis, virile ac muliebre secus,

Tac. H. 5, 13:

praedas hominum virile et muliebre secus agebant,

Amm. 29, 6, 8 et saep.:

liberorum capitum virile secus ad decem milia capta,

Liv. 26, 47, 1:

athletarum spectaculo muliebre secus omnes adeo summovit, ut, etc.,

Suet. Aug. 44 fin.:

destinatum Lacedaemoniis omnes virile secus interficere,

Front. Strat. 1, 11, 6.—Rarely as nom.:

affluxere avidi talium... virile ac muliebre secus, omnis aetas,

Tac. A. 4, 62:

tres ordine partae, Vesta, Ceres et Juno, secus muliebre, sorores,

Aus. Idyll. 11, 7;

or as object of a verb: cur ex his unum secus virile designet,

Arn. 1, 59; 5, 25: promiscue virile et muliebre secus trucidabant, Amm. 16, 11, 9; 27, 10, 2.—

Transf.

A sex, of plants and minerals, Plin. 13, 4, 7, § 31; 12, 14, 32, § 61; 36, 16, 25, § 128; 36, 21, 39, § 149.—

The sexual organs, Plin. 22, 8, 9, § 20; Lact. 1, 21, 16.

* * *

nascor, nātus, nasci (ante-class., and in poets of the class. period also gnatus, v. under P. a. B.; part. fut. nasciturus, Pall. Jun. 7, § 8; Vulg. Judic. 13, 8), 3, v. dep. [from gnascor, gnatus, root gen, whence gigno; cf. Gr. gennaô], to be born, to be begotten (of or by male or female).

Lit.; constr. with ex or de and abl., or with abl. alone; rarely with ab and abl.

With ex and abl. (esp. with name or other appellation of the mother):

cum ex utrāque (uxore) filius natus esset,

Cic. de Or. 1, 40, 183:

cujus ex filiā natus est Sestius,

id. Fam. 13, 8, 1:

Servius Tullius ex serva Tarquiniensi natus,

id. Rep. 2, 21, 37:

ex hac feminā debuit nasci, qui, etc.,

Sen. ad Helv. 16, 6:

natam sibi ex Poppaeā filiam,

Tac. A. 15, 23 init.:

ex Thetide natus,

Quint. 3, 7, 11:

ex Urbiniā natus,

id. 7, 2, 5:

Alexandri filius natus ex Barsine,

Just. 13, 2, 7; cf.:

negantis (Domitii) quidquam ex se et Agrippinā nisi detestabile nasci potuisse,

Suet. Ner. 6:

quod ex nobis natos liberos appellamus, idcirco Cerere nati nominati sunt Liber et Libera,

Cic. N. D. 2, 24, 62; cf.:

convinces facile ex te esse natum, nam tui similis est probe,

Ter. Heaut. 5, 4, 7:

ex militibus Romanis et Hispanis mulieribus natos se memorantes,

Liv. 43, 3, 2;

very rarely with a designation of the father, and only with pronouns: ex hoc Domitius nascitur,

Suet. Ner. 4 init.:

Neoptolemus ex quo nata est Olympias,

Just. 17, 3, 14:

ex quo nasci nepotes deceat,

Plin. Ep. 1, 14, 2:

illum ex me natum,

Val. Max. 5, 10 ext. 3; cf.:

quod tibi filiolus vel filia nascitur ex me,

Juv. 9, 83.—

With de and abl.:

de tigride natus,

Ov. M. 9, 612; cf.:

de stirpe dei nasci,

id. ib. 11, 312:

de pellice natus,

id. ib. 4, 422:

natus de muliere,

Vulg. Job, 14, 1; 15, 14. —

With abl. (so usually with proper names;

and with general designations of parents, family, etc.): quos omnes Erebo et Nocte natos ferunt,

Cic. N. D. 3, 17, 44:

Hercules Jove natus,

id. ib. 3, 16, 42:

Nilo natus,

id. ib. 3, 16, 42:

nascetur Oedipus Lao,

id. Fat. 13, 30:

patre Marte,

id. Rep. 2, 2, 4:

Paulo,

id. Off. 1, 33, 121:

privignus Poppaeā natus,

Suet. Ner. 55:

Ascanius Creusā matre natus,

Liv. 1, 3, 2: Junia, Vell. 2, 127, 4:

amplissimā familiā nati adulescentes,

Caes. B. G. 7, 37, 1:

honestis parentibus,

Quint. 1, 11, 85; Sen. Contr. 7, 21, 1:

Mela quibus Gallio et Seneca parentibus natus,

Tac. A. 16, 17:

deus deo natus,

Liv. 1, 16, 3:

imperioso patre,

id. 7, 4, 5; 9, 1, 12: Assaraco natus Capus, Enn. ap. Philarg. ad Verg. G. 3, 35 (Ann. v. 31 Vahl.):

patre certo nasci,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 16, 46:

Apolline natus,

Ov. M. 15, 639: natus deā, son of a goddess, i. e. Achilles, id. M. 12, 86; so,

natus deā,

of Æneas, Verg. A. 1, 582:

matre Musā natus,

Cic. N. D. 3, 18, 45:

nascetur pulcrā Trojanus origine Caesar,

Verg. A. 1, 286.—

With ab and abl.:

generari et nasci a principibus,

Tac. H. 1, 16:

et qui nascentur ab illo,

Verg. G. 1, 434.—

In other constrr.:

post homines natos,

since men have lived, Cic. Phil. 11, 1, 1:

post genus hominum natum,

id. Balb. 10, 26:

in miseriam nascimur,

id. Tusc. 1, 5, 9:

aves omnes in pedes nascuntur,

with the feet foremost, Plin. 10, 53, 74, § 149:

ad homines nascendos vim hujus numeri (septenarii) pertinere,

to the formation of man in the womb, Gell. 3, 10, 7:

homo nascitur ad laborem,

i. e. it is his nature to suffer it, Vulg. Job, 5, 7.—

Transf., to rise, take beginning, derive origin, spring forth, grow, be found: O fortunatam natam me consule Romam, Cic. ap. Quint. 11, 1, 24; and ap. Juv. 10, 122:

humi nascentia fraga,

Verg. E. 3, 92:

cum nata fuerint folia,

Vulg. Marc. 13, 28:

nascitur ibi plumbum album in mediterraneis regionibus,

is found, produced, Caes. B. G. 5, 12:

onyx nascitur circa Thebas Aegyptias,

Plin. 36, 8, 12, § 61:

ex palude nascitur amnis,

rises, id. 36, 26, 65, § 190:

nascere, praeque diem veniens age, Lucifer, almum,

rise, Verg. E. 8, 17:

unde nigerrimus Auster Nascitur,

id. G. 3, 278:

nascens luna,

Hor. C. 3, 23, 2; id. S. 2, 4, 30:

nascentia templa,

newly built, Mart. 6, 4, 3:

Circaeis nata forent an Lucrinum ad saxum... ostrea,

Juv. 4, 140.— To rise, be formed (of a hill):

ab eo flumine collis nascebatur,

Caes. B. G. 2, 18; cf.:

nascitur altera moles,

Sil. 3, 530. —

Trop.

To arise, spring forth, proceed from, be produced:

scribes ad me, ut mihi nascatur epistulae argumentum,

Cic. Fam. 16, 22, 2:

nulla tam detestabilis pestis est, quae non homini ab homine nascatur,

id. Off. 2, 5, 16:

fateor ea me studiose secutum ex quibus vera gloria nasci posset,

id. Fam. 15, 4, 13:

facinus natum a cupiditate,

id. Verr. 2, 2, 34, § 82; id. Font. 16, 37:

visus ei dicitur draco... dicere quo illa loci nasceretur,

id. Div. 2, 66, 135:

strumae nascuntur maxime in cervice,

Cels. 5, 28, 7; 7, 12, 1 fin.; 7, 6, 4 fin.:

onychem in Arabiae tantum montibus nasci putavere,

Plin. 36, 7, 12, § 59:

frumenta nata sunt,

Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 63, § 147:

ex quo uno haec omnia nata et profecta esse concedit,

id. Quint. 28, 85; id. Agr 2, 33, 90:

profectio nata a timore defectionis,

Caes. B. G. 7, 43:

querelae verae nascuntur pectore ab imo,

Cat. 64, 198:

omnis obligatio vel ex contractu nascitur vel ex delicto,

Gai. Inst. 3, 88 sq. —With ut:

ex hoc nascitur ut,

hence it follows that, Cic. Fin. 3, 19, 63; Sen. Ep. 74, 11.—

Esp., of the spiritual renewal of a religious experience, to be regenerated, born again (eccl. Lat.):

quod natum est ex spiritu, spiritus est,

Vulg. Johan. 3, 6:

nasci denuo,

id. ib. 3, 7:

natus ex Deo,

id. 1 Johan. 3, 9, etc.—Hence, P. a.

nascens, entis, arising, beginning, nascent, infant, immature:

ante Periclem et Thucydidem, qui non nascentibus Athenis, sed jam adultis fuerunt, littera nulla est, etc.,

Cic. Brut. 7, 27:

eloquentiam pueris induunt adhuc nascentibus,

Petr. 4:

(vitulus) vexat nascenti robora cornu,

Juv. 12, 9.—

Subst.: nascentia, ĭum, n., organic bodies, esp. plants, Vitr. 5, 1, 3; 5, 8, 1.—

nātus, a, um, P. a., born; hence,

Subst.: nātus ( gnātus), i, m., a son; and nāta ( gnāta), ae, f. (dat. and abl. pl. natabus, where ambiguity is to be avoided, Plaut. ap. Prisc. p. 733 P.; Inscr. Orell. 7421; Phocas, p. 1707 P.; v. Neue, Formenl. 1, p. 29), a daughter; in plur.: nati (gnati), children, offspring:

caritas, quae est inter natos et parentes,

Cic. Lael. 8, 27:

bellum prope inter parentes natosque,

Liv. 1, 23, 1; cf. id. 5, 40, 3:

cum pecore et gnatis,

Hor. S. 2, 2, 115:

et trepidae matres pressere ad pectora natos,

Verg. A. 7, 518: mihi ausculta, nate, pueros jube cremarier, Enn. [p. 1188] ap. Non. 246, 11 (Trag. v. 329 Vahl.); Hor. S. 1, 3, 43:

natam conlocare alicui,

Plaut. Aul. Arg. 1, 15: o gnata, Enn. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 20, 40 (Ann. v. 46 Vahl.):

si quis gnatam pro mutā devovet agnā,

Hor. S. 2, 3, 219; cf. id. ib. 2, 3, 199: Hectoris natum de muro jactarier, Enn. ap. Varr. L. L. 10, § 70 Müll. (Trag. v. 130 Vahl.); so, Nerei natae, id. ap. Prisc. p. 733 P. (Trag. v. 135 Vahl.):

maxima natarum Priami,

Verg. A. 1, 654; Ov. M. 13, 661.—Esp. in the phrase natus nemo, not a human being, nobody (Plautine for nemo mortalis):

tamquam si natus nemo in aedibus habitet,

Plaut. Most. 2, 1, 55 Lorenz ad loc.; id. ib. 2, 2, 20:

nato nemini,

id. Cas. 2, 4, 15; id. Ps. 1, 3, 63.—

Adj.

Natus alicui rei or ad aliquam rem, born, made, destined, designed, intended, produced by nature for any thing.

With dat. (class.):

me credo huic esse natum rei, ferundis miseriis,

Ter. Ad. 4, 2, 6:

non sibi se soli natum meminerit, sed patriae, sed suis,

Cic. Fin. 2, 14, 45:

natus huic imperio,

id. Cael. 24, 59:

gurges atque helluo natus abdomini suo, non laudi atque gloriae,

id. Pis. 17, 41:

Judaei et Syri, nationes natae servituti,

id. Prov. Cons. 5, 10. —

With ad (class.):

vir ad omnia summa natus,

Cic. Brut. 68, 239:

natus ad haec tempora,

id. Phil. 12, 4, 9:

ad dicendum natus aptusque,

id. de Or. 1, 22, 99:

ad haudem et ad decus nati, suscepti, instituti sumus,

id. Fin. 5, 22, 63:

ad hoc unum natus,

id. Or. 28, 99:

ut ad cursum equus, ad arandum bos, ad indagandum canis, sic homo ad intellegendum et agendum natus est,

id. Fin. 2, 13, 40:

natus ad sacra Cithaeron,

Ov. M. 2, 223:

canor mulcendas natus ad aures,

id. ib. 5, 561.—

With inf. ( poet.):

quid meruere boves, animal... natum tolerare labores,

Ov. M. 15, 120: sentes tantummodo laedere natae, id. de Nuce, 113.—

With in and acc. ( poet.):

nati in usum laetitiae scyphi,

Hor. C. 1, 27, 1; Ov. M. 14, 99; 15, 117.—

With propter (rare):

apros, animal propter convivia natum,

Juv. 1, 141.—

Formed or constituted by nature in any manner:

alius ager bene natus, alius male,

Varr. R. R. 1, 6, 1:

sarmenta male nata,

Col. 4, 24, 7:

ita natus locus est,

Liv. 9, 2:

inculti versūs et male nati,

Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 233.—

Pro re natā, or (ante- and post-class.) e re natā, under the present circumstances, according to the state of affairs, as matters are:

ut in his pro re natā non incommode possint esse,

Cic. Att. 7, 14, 3:

Antonii colloquium cum heroibus nostris pro re natā non incommodum,

id. ib. 14, 6, 1;

7, 8, 2: e re natā melius fieri haud potuit, quam factum est,

Ter. Ad. 3, 1, 8; App. M. 4, p. 143, 38.—

With a specification of time, so old, of the age of, etc.:

eques Romanus annos prope XC. natus,

Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 25, § 62:

annos natus unum et viginti,

id. de Or. 3, 20, 74:

cum annos ad quinquaginta natus esset,

id. Clu. 40, 110:

cum quinque et viginti natus annos dominatum occupavisset,

id. Tusc. 5, 20, 57:

Cato annos quinque et octoginta natus excessit e vitā,

id. Brut. 20, 80; in inscr. ANNORVM NATVS, etc., Inscr. Mon. Scip. n. 7;

Inscr. Marini Atti, p. 564.— Sometimes, in order to specify the age more exactly, major or minor, without or with quam, is added: annos nata est sedecim non major,

Ter. Eun. 3, 3, 23:

minor quinque et viginti annis natus,

Nep. Han. 3, 2:

minor triginta annis natus,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 49, § 122:

homo annos natus major quadraginta,

over forty years old, Cic. Rosc. Am. 14, 49:

Dionysius major annos sexaginta natus decessit,

Nep. Reg. 2, 3:

cum liberis majoribus quam quindecim annos natis,

Liv. 45, 32, 3:

minorem quam annos sex, majorem quam annos decem natam, negarunt capi fas esse,

Gell. 1, 12, 1.—For major, minor, sometimes with plus, minus (ante-class.):

plus triginta annis natus sim,

Plaut. Men. 3, 1, 1:

annos sexaginta natus es aut plus,

Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 11; cf.:

non amplius novem annos natus,

Nep. Han. 2, 3.— Act. collat. form: nasco, ĕre, to be born, etc.:

ubi germen nascere coeperit,

Cato, R. R. 151 fin.

nascor, nātus, nasci (ante-class., and in poets of the class. period also gnatus, v. under P. a. B.; part. fut. nasciturus, Pall. Jun. 7, § 8; Vulg. Judic. 13, 8), 3, v. dep. [from gnascor, gnatus, root gen, whence gigno; cf. Gr. gennaô], to be born, to be begotten (of or by male or female).

Lit.; constr. with ex or de and abl., or with abl. alone; rarely with ab and abl.

With ex and abl. (esp. with name or other appellation of the mother):

cum ex utrāque (uxore) filius natus esset,

Cic. de Or. 1, 40, 183:

cujus ex filiā natus est Sestius,

id. Fam. 13, 8, 1:

Servius Tullius ex serva Tarquiniensi natus,

id. Rep. 2, 21, 37:

ex hac feminā debuit nasci, qui, etc.,

Sen. ad Helv. 16, 6:

natam sibi ex Poppaeā filiam,

Tac. A. 15, 23 init.:

ex Thetide natus,

Quint. 3, 7, 11:

ex Urbiniā natus,

id. 7, 2, 5:

Alexandri filius natus ex Barsine,

Just. 13, 2, 7; cf.:

negantis (Domitii) quidquam ex se et Agrippinā nisi detestabile nasci potuisse,

Suet. Ner. 6:

quod ex nobis natos liberos appellamus, idcirco Cerere nati nominati sunt Liber et Libera,

Cic. N. D. 2, 24, 62; cf.:

convinces facile ex te esse natum, nam tui similis est probe,

Ter. Heaut. 5, 4, 7:

ex militibus Romanis et Hispanis mulieribus natos se memorantes,

Liv. 43, 3, 2;

very rarely with a designation of the father, and only with pronouns: ex hoc Domitius nascitur,

Suet. Ner. 4 init.:

Neoptolemus ex quo nata est Olympias,

Just. 17, 3, 14:

ex quo nasci nepotes deceat,

Plin. Ep. 1, 14, 2:

illum ex me natum,

Val. Max. 5, 10 ext. 3; cf.:

quod tibi filiolus vel filia nascitur ex me,

Juv. 9, 83.—

With de and abl.:

de tigride natus,

Ov. M. 9, 612; cf.:

de stirpe dei nasci,

id. ib. 11, 312:

de pellice natus,

id. ib. 4, 422:

natus de muliere,

Vulg. Job, 14, 1; 15, 14. —

With abl. (so usually with proper names;

and with general designations of parents, family, etc.): quos omnes Erebo et Nocte natos ferunt,

Cic. N. D. 3, 17, 44:

Hercules Jove natus,

id. ib. 3, 16, 42:

Nilo natus,

id. ib. 3, 16, 42:

nascetur Oedipus Lao,

id. Fat. 13, 30:

patre Marte,

id. Rep. 2, 2, 4:

Paulo,

id. Off. 1, 33, 121:

privignus Poppaeā natus,

Suet. Ner. 55:

Ascanius Creusā matre natus,

Liv. 1, 3, 2: Junia, Vell. 2, 127, 4:

amplissimā familiā nati adulescentes,

Caes. B. G. 7, 37, 1:

honestis parentibus,

Quint. 1, 11, 85; Sen. Contr. 7, 21, 1:

Mela quibus Gallio et Seneca parentibus natus,

Tac. A. 16, 17:

deus deo natus,

Liv. 1, 16, 3:

imperioso patre,

id. 7, 4, 5; 9, 1, 12: Assaraco natus Capus, Enn. ap. Philarg. ad Verg. G. 3, 35 (Ann. v. 31 Vahl.):

patre certo nasci,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 16, 46:

Apolline natus,

Ov. M. 15, 639: natus deā, son of a goddess, i. e. Achilles, id. M. 12, 86; so,

natus deā,

of Æneas, Verg. A. 1, 582:

matre Musā natus,

Cic. N. D. 3, 18, 45:

nascetur pulcrā Trojanus origine Caesar,

Verg. A. 1, 286.—

With ab and abl.:

generari et nasci a principibus,

Tac. H. 1, 16:

et qui nascentur ab illo,

Verg. G. 1, 434.—

In other constrr.:

post homines natos,

since men have lived, Cic. Phil. 11, 1, 1:

post genus hominum natum,

id. Balb. 10, 26:

in miseriam nascimur,

id. Tusc. 1, 5, 9:

aves omnes in pedes nascuntur,

with the feet foremost, Plin. 10, 53, 74, § 149:

ad homines nascendos vim hujus numeri (septenarii) pertinere,

to the formation of man in the womb, Gell. 3, 10, 7:

homo nascitur ad laborem,

i. e. it is his nature to suffer it, Vulg. Job, 5, 7.—

Transf., to rise, take beginning, derive origin, spring forth, grow, be found: O fortunatam natam me consule Romam, Cic. ap. Quint. 11, 1, 24; and ap. Juv. 10, 122:

humi nascentia fraga,

Verg. E. 3, 92:

cum nata fuerint folia,

Vulg. Marc. 13, 28:

nascitur ibi plumbum album in mediterraneis regionibus,

is found, produced, Caes. B. G. 5, 12:

onyx nascitur circa Thebas Aegyptias,

Plin. 36, 8, 12, § 61:

ex palude nascitur amnis,

rises, id. 36, 26, 65, § 190:

nascere, praeque diem veniens age, Lucifer, almum,

rise, Verg. E. 8, 17:

unde nigerrimus Auster Nascitur,

id. G. 3, 278:

nascens luna,

Hor. C. 3, 23, 2; id. S. 2, 4, 30:

nascentia templa,

newly built, Mart. 6, 4, 3:

Circaeis nata forent an Lucrinum ad saxum... ostrea,

Juv. 4, 140.— To rise, be formed (of a hill):

ab eo flumine collis nascebatur,

Caes. B. G. 2, 18; cf.:

nascitur altera moles,

Sil. 3, 530. —

Trop.

To arise, spring forth, proceed from, be produced:

scribes ad me, ut mihi nascatur epistulae argumentum,

Cic. Fam. 16, 22, 2:

nulla tam detestabilis pestis est, quae non homini ab homine nascatur,

id. Off. 2, 5, 16:

fateor ea me studiose secutum ex quibus vera gloria nasci posset,

id. Fam. 15, 4, 13:

facinus natum a cupiditate,

id. Verr. 2, 2, 34, § 82; id. Font. 16, 37:

visus ei dicitur draco... dicere quo illa loci nasceretur,

id. Div. 2, 66, 135:

strumae nascuntur maxime in cervice,

Cels. 5, 28, 7; 7, 12, 1 fin.; 7, 6, 4 fin.:

onychem in Arabiae tantum montibus nasci putavere,

Plin. 36, 7, 12, § 59:

frumenta nata sunt,

Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 63, § 147:

ex quo uno haec omnia nata et profecta esse concedit,

id. Quint. 28, 85; id. Agr 2, 33, 90:

profectio nata a timore defectionis,

Caes. B. G. 7, 43:

querelae verae nascuntur pectore ab imo,

Cat. 64, 198:

omnis obligatio vel ex contractu nascitur vel ex delicto,

Gai. Inst. 3, 88 sq. —With ut:

ex hoc nascitur ut,

hence it follows that, Cic. Fin. 3, 19, 63; Sen. Ep. 74, 11.—

Esp., of the spiritual renewal of a religious experience, to be regenerated, born again (eccl. Lat.):

quod natum est ex spiritu, spiritus est,

Vulg. Johan. 3, 6:

nasci denuo,

id. ib. 3, 7:

natus ex Deo,

id. 1 Johan. 3, 9, etc.—Hence, P. a.

nascens, entis, arising, beginning, nascent, infant, immature:

ante Periclem et Thucydidem, qui non nascentibus Athenis, sed jam adultis fuerunt, littera nulla est, etc.,

Cic. Brut. 7, 27:

eloquentiam pueris induunt adhuc nascentibus,

Petr. 4:

(vitulus) vexat nascenti robora cornu,

Juv. 12, 9.—

Subst.: nascentia, ĭum, n., organic bodies, esp. plants, Vitr. 5, 1, 3; 5, 8, 1.—

nātus, a, um, P. a., born; hence,

Subst.: nātus ( gnātus), i, m., a son; and nāta ( gnāta), ae, f. (dat. and abl. pl. natabus, where ambiguity is to be avoided, Plaut. ap. Prisc. p. 733 P.; Inscr. Orell. 7421; Phocas, p. 1707 P.; v. Neue, Formenl. 1, p. 29), a daughter; in plur.: nati (gnati), children, offspring:

caritas, quae est inter natos et parentes,

Cic. Lael. 8, 27:

bellum prope inter parentes natosque,

Liv. 1, 23, 1; cf. id. 5, 40, 3:

cum pecore et gnatis,

Hor. S. 2, 2, 115:

et trepidae matres pressere ad pectora natos,

Verg. A. 7, 518: mihi ausculta, nate, pueros jube cremarier, Enn. [p. 1188] ap. Non. 246, 11 (Trag. v. 329 Vahl.); Hor. S. 1, 3, 43:

natam conlocare alicui,

Plaut. Aul. Arg. 1, 15: o gnata, Enn. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 20, 40 (Ann. v. 46 Vahl.):

si quis gnatam pro mutā devovet agnā,

Hor. S. 2, 3, 219; cf. id. ib. 2, 3, 199: Hectoris natum de muro jactarier, Enn. ap. Varr. L. L. 10, § 70 Müll. (Trag. v. 130 Vahl.); so, Nerei natae, id. ap. Prisc. p. 733 P. (Trag. v. 135 Vahl.):

maxima natarum Priami,

Verg. A. 1, 654; Ov. M. 13, 661.—Esp. in the phrase natus nemo, not a human being, nobody (Plautine for nemo mortalis):

tamquam si natus nemo in aedibus habitet,

Plaut. Most. 2, 1, 55 Lorenz ad loc.; id. ib. 2, 2, 20:

nato nemini,

id. Cas. 2, 4, 15; id. Ps. 1, 3, 63.—

Adj.

Natus alicui rei or ad aliquam rem, born, made, destined, designed, intended, produced by nature for any thing.

With dat. (class.):

me credo huic esse natum rei, ferundis miseriis,

Ter. Ad. 4, 2, 6:

non sibi se soli natum meminerit, sed patriae, sed suis,

Cic. Fin. 2, 14, 45:

natus huic imperio,

id. Cael. 24, 59:

gurges atque helluo natus abdomini suo, non laudi atque gloriae,

id. Pis. 17, 41:

Judaei et Syri, nationes natae servituti,

id. Prov. Cons. 5, 10. —

With ad (class.):

vir ad omnia summa natus,

Cic. Brut. 68, 239:

natus ad haec tempora,

id. Phil. 12, 4, 9:

ad dicendum natus aptusque,

id. de Or. 1, 22, 99:

ad haudem et ad decus nati, suscepti, instituti sumus,

id. Fin. 5, 22, 63:

ad hoc unum natus,

id. Or. 28, 99:

ut ad cursum equus, ad arandum bos, ad indagandum canis, sic homo ad intellegendum et agendum natus est,

id. Fin. 2, 13, 40:

natus ad sacra Cithaeron,

Ov. M. 2, 223:

canor mulcendas natus ad aures,

id. ib. 5, 561.—

With inf. ( poet.):

quid meruere boves, animal... natum tolerare labores,

Ov. M. 15, 120: sentes tantummodo laedere natae, id. de Nuce, 113.—

With in and acc. ( poet.):

nati in usum laetitiae scyphi,

Hor. C. 1, 27, 1; Ov. M. 14, 99; 15, 117.—

With propter (rare):

apros, animal propter convivia natum,

Juv. 1, 141.—

Formed or constituted by nature in any manner:

alius ager bene natus, alius male,

Varr. R. R. 1, 6, 1:

sarmenta male nata,

Col. 4, 24, 7:

ita natus locus est,

Liv. 9, 2:

inculti versūs et male nati,

Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 233.—

Pro re natā, or (ante- and post-class.) e re natā, under the present circumstances, according to the state of affairs, as matters are:

ut in his pro re natā non incommode possint esse,

Cic. Att. 7, 14, 3:

Antonii colloquium cum heroibus nostris pro re natā non incommodum,

id. ib. 14, 6, 1;

7, 8, 2: e re natā melius fieri haud potuit, quam factum est,

Ter. Ad. 3, 1, 8; App. M. 4, p. 143, 38.—

With a specification of time, so old, of the age of, etc.:

eques Romanus annos prope XC. natus,

Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 25, § 62:

annos natus unum et viginti,

id. de Or. 3, 20, 74:

cum annos ad quinquaginta natus esset,

id. Clu. 40, 110:

cum quinque et viginti natus annos dominatum occupavisset,

id. Tusc. 5, 20, 57:

Cato annos quinque et octoginta natus excessit e vitā,

id. Brut. 20, 80; in inscr. ANNORVM NATVS, etc., Inscr. Mon. Scip. n. 7;

Inscr. Marini Atti, p. 564.— Sometimes, in order to specify the age more exactly, major or minor, without or with quam, is added: annos nata est sedecim non major,

Ter. Eun. 3, 3, 23:

minor quinque et viginti annis natus,

Nep. Han. 3, 2:

minor triginta annis natus,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 49, § 122:

homo annos natus major quadraginta,

over forty years old, Cic. Rosc. Am. 14, 49:

Dionysius major annos sexaginta natus decessit,

Nep. Reg. 2, 3:

cum liberis majoribus quam quindecim annos natis,

Liv. 45, 32, 3:

minorem quam annos sex, majorem quam annos decem natam, negarunt capi fas esse,

Gell. 1, 12, 1.—For major, minor, sometimes with plus, minus (ante-class.):

plus triginta annis natus sim,

Plaut. Men. 3, 1, 1:

annos sexaginta natus es aut plus,

Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 11; cf.:

non amplius novem annos natus,

Nep. Han. 2, 3.— Act. collat. form: nasco, ĕre, to be born, etc.:

ubi germen nascere coeperit,

Cato, R. R. 151 fin.

vĭtĭum, ii ( gen. plur. vitiūm, Titin. ap. Non. p. 495, 13), n. [from the same root with vieo, vitis, vitta; prop. a twist; hence], a fault, defect, blemish, imperfection, vice (syn. menda).

Lit.: quomodo autem in corpore est morbus, est aegrotatio, est vitium: sic in animo. Morbum appellant totius corporis corruptionem: aegrotationem morbum cum imbecillitate: vitium, cum partes corporis inter se dissident;

ex quo pravitas membrorum, distortio, deformitas. Itaque illa duo, morbus et aegrotatio, ex totius valetudinis corporis conquassatione et perturbatione gignuntur: vitium autem integrā valetudine ipsum ex se cernitur,

Cic. Tusc. 4, 13, 29:

corporis,

Plaut. Most. 1, 3, 118; Ov. F. 4, 148:

mancipii,

Dig. 21, 1, 1, § 6:

jumenti,

ib. 21, 1, 38 init. —In buildings, a breach, defect:

si nihil est in parietibus aut in tecto vitii,

Cic. Fam. 9, 15, 5; cf.:

si aedes corruerunt vitiumve fecerunt,

have received damage, become damaged, id. Top. 3, 15.—In plants, a blemish, vice:

sive illis (agris) omne per ignem Excoquitur vitium atque exsudat inutilis umor,

Verg. G. 1, 88:

vitio moriens sitit aëris herba,

id. E. 7, 57.—In fruits, the useless part, the core:

vitiumque cinctum fructu,

Plin. 15, 28, 34, § 112.—

Trop.

In gen., a fault, defect, blemish:

acutius atque acrius vitia in dicente quam recta videre,

Cic. de Or. 1, 25, 116; cf.

orationis,

Quint. 1, 5, 1; 12, 1, 22:

sermonis,

id. 1, 1, 13:

soloecismi,

id. 1, 5, 53:

ingenii,

id. 10, 1, 60:

mentis,

id. 12, 1, 32:

Stoicae sectae,

id. 11, 1, 70:

et illud mihi vitium'st maximum,

my greatest fault, Ter. Hec. 1, 2, 37:

huc si perveneris, meum vitium fuerit,

my fault, Cic. Ac. 2, 16, 49:

quamvis quis fortunae vitio, non suo decexisset,

id. Phil. 2, 18, 44:

honorem vitio civitatis, non suo, non sunt adsecuti,

id. Har. Resp. 26, 56:

male conjecta falsa sunt, non rerum vitio, sed interpretum inscientiā,

id. Div. 1, 52, 118: animadverso vitio castrorum totā nocte munitiones proferunt, i. e. the faulty, unfavorable position (just before:

natura iniquo loco castra ponunt),

Caes. B. C. 1, 81:

milites item conflictati et tempestatis et sentinae vitiis,

the injurious effects, id. ib. 3, 28:

sese nihil adhuc arbitrari vitio factum eorum,

id. ib. 3, 57:

vini vitio atque amoris feci,

through the fault of, Plaut. Aul. 4, 10, 15.—

In partic.

A moral fault, failing, error, offence, crime, vice (the predom. signif. of the word in prose and poetry; cf.:

scelus, delictum): nullam quidem ob turpitudinem, nullum ob totius vitae non dicam vitium, sed erratum,

Cic. Clu. 48, 133:

legibus et praemia proposita sunt virtutibus et supplicia vitiis,

id. de Or. 1, 58. 247:

virtus est vitium fugere, Hor. ep. 1, 1, 41: senectus est naturā loquacior, ne ab omnibus eam vitiis videar vindicare,

Cic. Sen. 16, 55:

in vitio esse,

id. Off. 1, 19, 62: ne sibi vitio verterent, quod abesset a patriā, reckon it a fault, id. Fam. 7, 6, 1:

te laudem Sex. Roscio vitio et culpae dedisse,

id. Rosc. Am. 16, 48; Matius ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 28, 2.—

In respect of female chastity (whether of maidens or wives), a violation:

quia pudicitiae hujus (Alcumenae) vitium me hic absente est additum,

Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 179:

pudicitiae ejus nunquam nec vim nec vitium attuli,

id. Ep. 1, 2, 7:

quoi misere per vim vitium obtulerat,

Ter. Ad. 3, 2, 10; so,

offerre,

id. ib. 3, 1, 9:

virginis,

id. Eun. 4, 4, 55; cf.:

vitium auctore redemit,

Ov. H. 16 (17), 49.—

In relig. lang., a defect in the auspices or auguries: si cui servo aut ancillae dormienti evenit, quod comitia prohibere solet, ne id quidem mihi vitium facit, Cato ap. Fest. s. v. prohibere, p. 234 fin. Müll.; Ter. Hec. prol. 2; Liv. 8, 23, 16; 4, 7, 3:

id igitur obvenit vitium, quod tu jam Cal. Jan. futurum esse provideras,

Cic. Phil. 2, 33, 83:

tabernaculum vitio captum,

id. N. D. 2, 4, 11; cf.:

vitio navigare,

id. Div. 1, 16, 29:

comitiorum solum vitium est fulmen,

id. ib. 2, 18, 43.—

A fault of language:

barbarismi ac soloecismi foeditas absit... haec vitia, etc.,

Quint. 1, 5, 5.—

In coinage, t. t., base metal, alloy:

in aurum vitii aliquid addere,

Dig. 48, 10, 9 praef.; cf.:

ignis vitium metallis Excoquit,

Ov. F. 4, 785.

vĭrīlis, e, adj. [vir], of or belonging to a man, manly, virile (cf.: mas, masculus).

Lit.

In respect of sex, male, masculine.

In gen.: virile et muliebre secus, Sall. Fragm. ap. Macr. S. 2, 9:

virile secus, i. e. puer,

Plaut. Rud. 1, 2, 19:

vestimentum,

id. Men. 4, 2, 97:

genus,

Lucr. 5, 1356:

semen,

id. 4, 1209:

stirps fratris,

Liv. 1, 3, 11:

vox,

Ov. M. 4, 382:

vultus,

id. ib. 3, 189:

coetus,

of men, id. ib. 3, 403; cf. balnea, Cato ap. Gell. 10, 3, 3:

flamma,

the love of a man, Ov. A. A. 1, 282.—

In partic.

In mal. part.:

pars,

Lucr. 6, 1209; cf. Col. 7, 11, 2.—As subst.: vĭrī-lia, ĭum, n., = membrum virile, Petr. 108; Plin. 20, 16, 61, § 169; 20, 22, 89, § 243.— Comp.:

qui viriliores videbantur,

Lampr. Heliog. 8 fin. —

In gram., of the masculine gender, masculine:

nomen,

Varr. L. L. 10, §§ 21 and 30 Müll.; Gell. 1, 7, 15; 11, 1, 4 al.—

In respect of strength, vigor, etc., manly, full-grown, arrived at the years of manhood:

conversis studiis aetas animusque virilis Quaerit opes, etc.,

Hor. A. P. 166:

ne forte seniles Mandentur juveni partes pueroque viriles,

the parts of fullgrown men, id. ib. 177:

pars magna domus tuae morietur cum ad virilem aetatem venerit,

Vulg. 1 Reg. 2, 33:

toga,

assumed by Roman youth in their sixteenth year, Cic. Lael. 1, 1; id. Sest. 69, 144; Liv. 26, 19, 5; 42, 34, 4 al.—Opp. to female garments:

sumpsisti virilem togam quam statim muliebrem stolam reddidisti,

Cic. Phil. 2, 18, 44.—

Transf., in jurid. lang., of or belonging to a person, that falls to a person or to each one in the division of inheritances: ut ex bonis ejus, qui, etc., virilis pars patrono debeatur, a proportionate part, an equal share with others, Gai Inst. 3, 42:

tota bona pro virilibus partibus ad liberos defuncti pertinere,

id. ib.:

virilis,

id. ib. 3, 70; Dig. 30, 1, 54, § 3; so,

virilis portio,

ib. 37, 5, 8 pr.; 31, 1, 70, § 2; Paul. Sent. 3, 2, 3.—

Transf., in gen.

Virilis pars or portio, share, part, lot of a person:

est aliqua mea pars virilis, quod ejus civitatis sum, quam ille claram reddidit,

my part, my duty, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 37, § 81:

plus quam pars virilis postulat,

id. ib. 2, 3, 3, §

7: cum illius gloriae pars virilis apud omnes milites sit, etc.,

Liv. 6, 11, 5:

quem agrum miles pro parte virili manu cepisset, eum senex quoque vindicaret,

id. 3, 71, 7:

haec qui pro virili parte defendunt, optimates sunt,

i. e. to the utmost of their ability, as far as in them lies, Cic. Sest. 66, 138; so,

pro virili parte,

id. Phil. 13, 4, 8:

pro parte virili,

Liv. 10, 8, 4; Ov. Tr. 5, 11, 23:

pro virili portione,

Tac. Agr. 45; id. H. 3, 20.—

In other connections ( poet.):

actoris partis chorus officiumque virile Defendat,

Hor. A. P. 193 Orell. ad loc. —

Trop., of quality, worthy of a man, manly, manful, firm, vigorous, bold, spirited, etc.:

veretur quicquam aut facere aut loqui, quod parum virile videatur,

Cic. Fin. 2, 14, 47:

laterum inflexio fortis ac virilis,

id. de Or. 3, 59, 220:

inclinatio laterum,

Quint. 1, 11, 18:

acta illa res est animo virili, consilio puerili,

Cic. Att. 14, 21, 3; so,

ingenium,

Sall. C. 20, 11:

vis ingenii (with solida),

Quint. 2, 5, 23:

audacia,

Just. 2, 12, 24:

oratio (with fortis),

Cic. de Or. 1, 54, 231; so,

compositio,

Quint. 2, 5, 9:

sermo,

id. 9, 4, 3:

ratio atque sententia,

Cic. Tusc. 3, 10, 22:

neque enim oratorius iste, immo hercle ne virilis quidem cultus est,

Tac. Or. 26.—As subst.: vĭrīlia, ĭum, n., manly deeds, Sall. H. 3, 61, 15 Dietsch.— Sup.: ALMIAE SABINAE MATRI VIRILISSIMAE, etc., Inscr. Grud. p. 148, n. 5.— Adv.: vĭrīlĭter, manfully, firmly, courageously (acc. to II.), Cic. Tusc. 2, 27, 65; id. Off. 1, 27, 94; Auct. Her. 4, 11, 16; Ov. F. 1, 479.— Comp.,, Sen. Contr. 5, 33 fin.; id. Brev. Vit. 6, 5.

vĭrīlis, e, adj. [vir], of or belonging to a man, manly, virile (cf.: mas, masculus).

Lit.

In respect of sex, male, masculine.

In gen.: virile et muliebre secus, Sall. Fragm. ap. Macr. S. 2, 9:

virile secus, i. e. puer,

Plaut. Rud. 1, 2, 19:

vestimentum,

id. Men. 4, 2, 97:

genus,

Lucr. 5, 1356:

semen,

id. 4, 1209:

stirps fratris,

Liv. 1, 3, 11:

vox,

Ov. M. 4, 382:

vultus,

id. ib. 3, 189:

coetus,

of men, id. ib. 3, 403; cf. balnea, Cato ap. Gell. 10, 3, 3:

flamma,

the love of a man, Ov. A. A. 1, 282.—

In partic.

In mal. part.:

pars,

Lucr. 6, 1209; cf. Col. 7, 11, 2.—As subst.: vĭrī-lia, ĭum, n., = membrum virile, Petr. 108; Plin. 20, 16, 61, § 169; 20, 22, 89, § 243.— Comp.:

qui viriliores videbantur,

Lampr. Heliog. 8 fin. —

In gram., of the masculine gender, masculine:

nomen,

Varr. L. L. 10, §§ 21 and 30 Müll.; Gell. 1, 7, 15; 11, 1, 4 al.—

In respect of strength, vigor, etc., manly, full-grown, arrived at the years of manhood:

conversis studiis aetas animusque virilis Quaerit opes, etc.,

Hor. A. P. 166:

ne forte seniles Mandentur juveni partes pueroque viriles,

the parts of fullgrown men, id. ib. 177:

pars magna domus tuae morietur cum ad virilem aetatem venerit,

Vulg. 1 Reg. 2, 33:

toga,

assumed by Roman youth in their sixteenth year, Cic. Lael. 1, 1; id. Sest. 69, 144; Liv. 26, 19, 5; 42, 34, 4 al.—Opp. to female garments:

sumpsisti virilem togam quam statim muliebrem stolam reddidisti,

Cic. Phil. 2, 18, 44.—

Transf., in jurid. lang., of or belonging to a person, that falls to a person or to each one in the division of inheritances: ut ex bonis ejus, qui, etc., virilis pars patrono debeatur, a proportionate part, an equal share with others, Gai Inst. 3, 42:

tota bona pro virilibus partibus ad liberos defuncti pertinere,

id. ib.:

virilis,

id. ib. 3, 70; Dig. 30, 1, 54, § 3; so,

virilis portio,

ib. 37, 5, 8 pr.; 31, 1, 70, § 2; Paul. Sent. 3, 2, 3.—

Transf., in gen.

Virilis pars or portio, share, part, lot of a person:

est aliqua mea pars virilis, quod ejus civitatis sum, quam ille claram reddidit,

my part, my duty, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 37, § 81:

plus quam pars virilis postulat,

id. ib. 2, 3, 3, §

7: cum illius gloriae pars virilis apud omnes milites sit, etc.,

Liv. 6, 11, 5:

quem agrum miles pro parte virili manu cepisset, eum senex quoque vindicaret,

id. 3, 71, 7:

haec qui pro virili parte defendunt, optimates sunt,

i. e. to the utmost of their ability, as far as in them lies, Cic. Sest. 66, 138; so,

pro virili parte,

id. Phil. 13, 4, 8:

pro parte virili,

Liv. 10, 8, 4; Ov. Tr. 5, 11, 23:

pro virili portione,

Tac. Agr. 45; id. H. 3, 20.—

In other connections ( poet.):

actoris partis chorus officiumque virile Defendat,

Hor. A. P. 193 Orell. ad loc. —

Trop., of quality, worthy of a man, manly, manful, firm, vigorous, bold, spirited, etc.:

veretur quicquam aut facere aut loqui, quod parum virile videatur,

Cic. Fin. 2, 14, 47:

laterum inflexio fortis ac virilis,

id. de Or. 3, 59, 220:

inclinatio laterum,

Quint. 1, 11, 18:

acta illa res est animo virili, consilio puerili,

Cic. Att. 14, 21, 3; so,

ingenium,

Sall. C. 20, 11:

vis ingenii (with solida),

Quint. 2, 5, 23:

audacia,

Just. 2, 12, 24:

oratio (with fortis),

Cic. de Or. 1, 54, 231; so,

compositio,

Quint. 2, 5, 9:

sermo,

id. 9, 4, 3:

ratio atque sententia,

Cic. Tusc. 3, 10, 22:

neque enim oratorius iste, immo hercle ne virilis quidem cultus est,

Tac. Or. 26.—As subst.: vĭrīlia, ĭum, n., manly deeds, Sall. H. 3, 61, 15 Dietsch.— Sup.: ALMIAE SABINAE MATRI VIRILISSIMAE, etc., Inscr. Grud. p. 148, n. 5.— Adv.: vĭrīlĭter, manfully, firmly, courageously (acc. to II.), Cic. Tusc. 2, 27, 65; id. Off. 1, 27, 94; Auct. Her. 4, 11, 16; Ov. F. 1, 479.— Comp.,, Sen. Contr. 5, 33 fin.; id. Brev. Vit. 6, 5.